⑴ 请问,我要写《中英思维模式的差异对翻译的影响》的开题报告,要怎么写提纲啊,研究方法等等,帮帮忙吧
你要写这个主题怎么一点儿头绪都没有呢?别人给你个提纲你能填进去内容吗?
初步感觉,提纲大致分为以下部分
一、绪论
为什么研究这个问题,国内外研究现状,研究的理论价值和现实意义
二、中英思维模式的差异
相关争论（有没有,什么样?）；
三、在翻译上的表现（
具体的翻译差异,举例子——总结成条
四、对翻译教育的启示
研究方法就是文献研究吧,如果可能还可以用一下问卷调查（具体要看你的 思路）
⑵ 英汉句子主语差异比较及其翻译的开题报告
题干条件不完整
⑶ 请问,我要写《中英思维模式的差异对翻译的影响》的开题报告,要怎么写提纲啊,研究方法等等，帮帮忙吧
你要写这个主题怎么一点儿头绪都没有呢？别人给你个提纲你能填进去内容吗？
初步感觉，提纲大致分为以下部分
一、绪论
为什么研究这个问题，国内外研究现状，研究的理论价值和现实意义
二、中英思维模式的差异
相关争论（有没有，什么样？）；
三、在翻译上的表现（
具体的翻译差异，举例子——总结成条
四、对翻译教育的启示
研究方法就是文献研究吧，如果可能还可以用一下问卷调查（具体要看你的 思路）
⑷ 中西文化差异对英汉翻译的影响 开题报告
你可以看 一下下面的参考资料：
hokvchuonv21226601842011-10-13 5:38:22
中西文化差异对国际商务活动的影内响及对策汪清囡 【摘要容】：在国际商务活动中,文化对于商务活动的各个方面都有着直接的影响。因为世界各国在文化方面差异很大,如时间观、空间观念、平等观念、法制观念等。所以,在商务活动中只有了解了对方的文化,才能使我国企业顺利开展国际商务活动。【作者单位】： 【关键词】： 文化差异 国际商务活动 影响 对策 【分类号】：F740.4 【DOI】：CNKI:SUN:QUIT.0.2006-12-019 【正文快照】： 国际商务活动既是一种经济活动,同时也是一种文化活动。中国商务人员要在国外寻求市场、供应商、合作伙伴、建立附属公司或合资企业,需要与具有不同文化背景、使用不同语言的商人进行商务往来,很有必要精心研究文化差异对国际商务活动带来的影响,并采取相应的对策,使我国企业
⑸ 中英习语翻译比较的论文开题报告怎么写
可以搬忙做的哦。
日记、参观记、回忆录，以及一部分书信等。
侧重记事的论文，以叙述事情的发生、发展、经过和结果为重点，如《一面》。
侧重状物的论文，以状物为主，借象征抒怀，如《白杨礼赞》《石榴》《海燕》。
⑹ 求英汉电影字幕翻译的开题报告
GLAMGIPI是什么意思呢？
⑺ 英语翻译论文论文开题报告怎么写
开题报告，老师一般会给模板，还要看你题目是什么。这是我的开题报告，你参考一下吧。
课题名称
An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese
试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异
课题来源
Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor
一、课题背景及意义 (课题的立题依据及研究意义)
Research Background:
A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture.
When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the common illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people’s daily life.
Research Significance:
As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into account the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance communication skills, avoid conflict of cultures.
二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 (课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向)
Research Status:
Study of color words has long attracted linguists’ attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, e to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, comparative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance..
Research Tendency:
21st century’s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality.
三、研究内容及研究目标 (对研究的内容进行说明，并阐明要达到的目标)
Research Contents:
A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified
1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit
1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death
2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate
2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful
2.4 Black Is Associated With Anger
B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky
1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty
2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms
2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor
2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid
C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity
2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism.
2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss
D. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Noble
1.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative
2.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and Disease
Research Objectives:
I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of color words and enhance communication skills, avoid conflict in Western culture.
四、预计的研究难点 (课题研究过程中可能遇到的理论难题或技术难点)
With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how is the color of the word has become more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality e to lack of the knowledge related.
五、创新点 (选题、观点、理论、材料、方法等创新点)
The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords.
六、进度计划 (根据研究内容及研究目标所预计的进度安排)
1. Nov.16th - Nov.22nd , 2008 Subject selecting & topic narrowing
2. Nov.23rd - Dec.20th , 2008 Data gathering
3. Dec.21st - Jan.10th , 2009 Opening report & detailed outline
4. Jan.11th - Feb.8th, 2009 Literature review
5. Feb.9th - Mar.14th, 2009 First draft
6. Mar.15th - Apr.10th, 2009 Second draft
7. Apr.11th - Apr.20th, 2009 Final version
8. Apr.27th - May 14th, 2009 Printing
9. May 17th - May 25th, 2009 Thesis debate
七、资料来源 (指能够支持“课题背景”、“课题研究现状及发展趋势”所论述内容的主要文献资料)
[1] Baugh, A.C. & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.
[2] Eckersley, C.E. Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979.
[3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Ecation, 1985.
[4] Hornby, A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974.
[5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. U.S.A.: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997.
[6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. U.S.A.: Edward Arnold, 1989.
[7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981.
[8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
[9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.
[10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Instry Press, 2007.
[11] 陈永烨.“英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异” [J].《辽宁工程技术大学学报》，2005，(7).
[12] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海:上海外语出版社,2002.
[13] 邓炎昌，刘润清.《语言与文化》[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社，1991.
[14] 蒋栋元.“论颜色及颜色词的文化差异” [J]. 《四川外语学院学报》，2002，(3).
[15] 唐振华.“英汉颜色词的翻译” [J].《中国科技翻译》，1997，(2).
指导教师意见:(对课题的认可意见)
指导教师
年 月 日
系(教研室)审查意见:
系(教研室)主任:
年 月 日
⑻ 求一篇翻译类论文的开题报告 英文的
United States Senate Committee on Appropriations
The United States Senate Committee on Appropriations is a standing committee of the United States Senate. It has jurisdiction over all discretionary spending legislation in the Senate.
The Senate Appropriations Committee is the largest committee in the U.S. Senate, consisting of 30 members. Its role is defined by the U.S. Constitution, which requires "appropriations made by law" prior to the expenditure of any money from the Treasury, and is therefore one of the most powerful committees in the Senate. The committee was first organized on March 6, 1867, when power over appropriations was taken out of the hands of the Finance Committee.
The appropriations process
The federal budget is divided into two main categories: discretionary spending and mandatory spending. Each appropriations subcommittee develops a draft appropriations bill covering each agency under its jurisdiction based on the Congressional Budget Resolution, which is drafted by an analogous Senate Budget committee. Each subcommittee must adhere to the spending limits set by the budget resolution and allocations set by the full Appropriations Committee, though the full Senate may vote to waive those limits if 60 senators vote to do so. The committee also reviews supplemental spending bills (covering unforeseen or emergency expenses not previously budgeted).
Each appropriations bill must be passed by both houses of Congress and signed by the president prior to the start of the federal fiscal year, October 1. If that target is not met, as has been common in recent years, the committee drafts a continuing resolution, which is then approved by Congress and signed by the President to keep the federal government operating until the indivial bills are approved.