① 英语专业论文的开题报告!!!!急急
集美大学毕业设计(论文)开题报告
学院 (系) 专业 年 月 日
论文题目 On Translating English Metaphors into Chinese(英语隐喻汉译)
学生姓名 学号 指导教师
一、本选题的目的和意义:
本选题旨在研究隐喻在英语日常用语中存在的普遍性、可译性及其翻译的方法,重点从文化交际的角度对日常用语中隐喻的汉译进行深入的理论探讨。
本选题突破了历来将隐喻的汉译局限在诗学、修辞学、文学等范畴。由于“翻译是跨语言、跨文化的交际活动”(陈宏薇:1996),翻译对各民族之间文化的传播起着非常重要的作用。我们对日常用语中隐喻的汉译研究应与英语语言文化背景的研究结合起来。
二、本选题国内外研究的现状和发展趋向:
对隐喻的研究在国外已形成较为完整的体系,其中以Lakoff &Johnson(1987)的研究最具有代表性,而对于其汉译的研究却凤毛麟角。国内对于隐喻的研究主要受Lakoff & Johnson理论的影响,其中以胡壮麟、朱永生为主要代表。在隐喻翻译的研究方面,李国南(1990),胡文仲(1994)对于英汉成语或谚语中的习用性比喻的喻体进行过比较,并探讨了其翻译的途径。在近期出版的刊物中有对隐喻翻译研究方面的文章,其中以徐莉娜的《隐喻的翻译》为主要代表。但其研究的范围也只局限于文学、修辞用语的隐喻翻译。
三、主要研究的内容:
本文分五个部分。一、简要介绍隐喻与语言以及语言与文化之间的关系,提出日常用语中隐喻的汉译不可忽视文化背景,并简述本论文的主要内容。 二、重点论述隐喻在英语日常用语中存在的普遍性。三、分析隐喻的特点,从人类文化的共性论述其可译性。四、讨论隐喻的汉译标准、难点、过程、基本方法以及根据语境而确定译法的原则。五、详述隐喻汉译的方法和技巧,指出在翻译实践中,对每种方法的使用都不能走极端。结论部分,总结研究隐喻汉译所具有的实用价值。
1.引言
2.英语日常用语中隐喻存在的普遍性
2.1隐喻的定义
2.2关于隐喻研究的常用术语
2.3英语日常用语中的隐喻
3.英语日常用语中隐喻的特点
3.1日常用语中隐喻的分类
3.1.1习用性隐喻
3.1.2新生隐喻
3.2英语隐喻与汉语隐喻
3.3英语日常用语中隐喻的可译性
4.英语日常用语中的隐喻的汉译
4.1翻译的标准
4.2日常用语中隐喻汉译的难点
4.3日常用语中隐喻汉译的过程
4.4日常用语中隐喻汉译的基本方法及原则
5.日常用语中隐喻汉译的方法与技巧
5.1直译法
5.2意译法
5.3转译法
5.4直译和意译结合法
四、参考文献:
[1]Aristotle. “Rhetoric” (W. R. Roberts, Trans.) In W. D. Ross (Ed.) The Works of Aristotle. Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Original Work Written ca. 330 B.C.), 1924.
[2]Brodkey, Linda. Review: The Languages in Metaphor. College English, 1988, (1): 89-94 [3]Goatly, Andrew. The Language of Metaphors. London: Routledge, 1997.
[4]Jin Di and Eugene, A. Nida. On Translation. Beijing: China Translation Publishing Company, 1984.
[5]Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. Metaphors We Live by Chicago. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
[6]Nida, Eugene A. & William, Reyburn. Meaning Across Cultures. New York: Maryknoll of N. Y. Orbis Book, 1981.
[7]Soskice, J.M. Metaphor and Religious Language. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.
[8]Tylor, Edward Burnett. Primitive Culture. London: John Murray, 1871.
[9]陈宏薇(不加汉语拼音,下同).新实用汉译英教程 [M],武汉:湖北教育出版社,1996.
[10]陈文伯.英语成语和汉语成语 [M],北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1980.
[11]陈望道.修辞学发凡 [M],上海:上海教育出版社,1983.
[12]邓炎昌,刘润清.语言与文化 [M],北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 1989.
[13]范家材.英语修辞赏析 [M],上海:上海交通大学出版社,1992.
[14]冯明之. 英文成语故事 [M],香港:万里出版社,1992.
[15]冯庆华. 实用翻译教程 [M],上海:上海外语教育出版社,1997.
[16]胡文仲. 文化与交际 [M],北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1994.
[17]徐莉娜. 隐喻的翻译 [J],中国翻译,1999,(3):18-22.
五、预期的课题进度计划:
1.2007年4月25日 完成初稿,并上交指导教师审阅。
2.2007年5月9日提交论文第二稿。
3. 2007年5月16日提交论文第三稿。
3.2007年5月17日-6月9日继续修改论文直至定稿。
5.2007年6月13日提交毕业论文。
6.2007年6月14日-23日准备论文答辩。
7.2007年6月24日进行毕业论文答辩
(进度计划不能照抄,应根据实际情况从3月5日起至6月24日止编写计划。)
六、完成论文的条件、方法及措施:
(一)条件
1.已经修完英语专业的所有课程,对英语国家概况和跨文化交际有较全面和深入的了解;
2.学校图书馆和学院资料室具备有关本论文研究所需的丰富的书籍、期刊等参考文献;
3.已经收集较丰富和全面的文献资料;
4.具有上网条件及丰富的网上资源。
(二)方法及措施
1.利用图书馆和互联网进行资料的检索网;
2.小组讨论交流。
指导教师的意见及建议:
签名:
年 月 日
注:此表前六项由学生填写后交指导教师签署意见,否则不得开题;此表作为毕业设计(论文)评分的依据
② 英语专业论文选题,开题报告的格式是怎样的哦
附录2- 引文范例(仅供参考)“it is therefore pointless to try to make tc more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(wilss, 1982: 217)‘“噢,这就是恐水病吧?你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦?真够呛的!费芬斯小姐,您喝点茶大概没关系吧!”’(张南峰,1990:59-60) 附录3- 参考文献范例(仅供参考)wilss, wolfram. the science of translation – problems and methods. gunter narr verlag tubingen,1982.newmark, peter. a textbook of translation. new york: prentice hall, 1988.delabastita, dirk. translating puns: a false opposition in translation studies. target, 1991(3:2):137-152. 专业: 研究方向: 作者: 导师: 写作时间: — 对外经济贸易大学英语学院(英文)school of international studiesuniversity of international business and economicspragmatic strategies in advertising: implicatureswang yinga thesis submitted to school of international studies of university of international business and economicsin partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master of artsapril 2002beijing, china参考资料: http://www.zk168.com.cn/INFO/Study/PracticalData/ThePracticeReports/09265456.html
求采纳
③ 英语论文开题报告怎么写研究手段
论文一般由题名、作者、摘要、关键词、正文、参考文献和附录等部分组成,其中部分组成(例如附录)可有可无。论文各组成的排序为:题名、作者、摘要、关键词、英文题名、英文摘要、英文关键词、正文、参考文献和附录和致谢。
下面按论文的结构顺序依次叙述。
题目
(一)论文——题目科学论文都有题目,不能“无题”。论文题目一般20字左右。题目大小应与内容符合,尽量不设副题,不用第1报、第2报之类。论文题目都用直叙口气,不用惊叹号或问号,也不能将科学论文题目写成广告语或新闻报道用语。
署名
(二)论文——署名科学论文应该署真名和真实的工作单位。主要体现责任、成果归属并便于后人追踪研究。严格意义上的论文作者是指对选题、论证、查阅文献、方案设计、建立方法、实验操作、整理资料、归纳总结、撰写成文等全过程负责的人,应该是能解答论文的有关问题者。往往把参加工作的人全部列上,那就应该以贡献大小依次排列。论文署名应征得本人同意。学术指导人根据实际情况既可以列为论文作者,也可以一般致谢。行政领导人一般不署名。
引言
(三)论文——引言是论文引人入胜之言,很重要,要写好。一段好的论文引言常能使读者明白你这份工作的发展历程和在这一研究方向中的位置。要写出论文立题依据、基础、背景、研究目的。要复习必要的文献、写明问题的发展。文字要简练。
材料方法
(四)论文——材料和方法按规定如实写出实验对象、器材、动物和试剂及其规格,写出实验方法、指标、判断标准等,写出实验设计、分组、统计方法等。这些按杂志对论文投稿规定办即可。
实验结果
(五)论文——实验结果应高度归纳,精心分析,合乎逻辑地铺述。应该去粗取精,去伪存真,但不能因不符合自己的意图而主观取舍,更不能弄虚作假。只有在技术不熟练或仪器不稳定时期所得的数据、在技术故障或操作错误时所得的数据、不符合实验条件时所得的数据才能废弃不用。而且必须在发现问题当时就在原始记录上注明原因,不能在总结处理时因不合常态而任意剔除。废弃这类数据时应将在同样条件下、同一时期的实验数据一并废弃,不能只废弃不合己意者。
实验结果的整理应紧扣主题,删繁就简,有些数据不一定适合于这一篇论文,可留作它用,不要硬行拼凑到一篇论文中。论文行文应尽量采用专业术语。能用表的不要用图,可以不用图表的最好不要用图表,以免多占篇幅,增加排版困难。文、表、图互不重复。实验中的偶然现象和意外变故等特殊情况应作必要的交代,不要随意丢弃。
讨论
(六)论文——讨论是论文中比较重要,也是比较难写的一部分。应统观全局,抓住主要的有争议问题,从感性认识提高到理性认识进行论说。要对实验结果作出分析、推理,而不要重复叙述实验结果。应着重对国内外相关文献中的结果与观点作出讨论,表明自己的观点,尤其不应回避相对立的观点。论文的讨论中可以提出假设,提出本题的发展设想,但分寸应该恰当,不能写成“科幻”或“畅想”。
结论
(七)论文——结语或结论论文的结语应写出明确可靠的结果,写出确凿的结论。论文的文字应简洁,可逐条写出。不要用“小结”之类含糊其辞的词。
参考文献
(八)论文——参考义献这是论文中很重要、也是存在问题较多的一部分。列出论文参考文献的目的是让读者了解论文研究命题的来龙去脉,便于查找,同时也是尊重前人劳动,对自己的工作有准确的定位。因此这里既有技术问题,也有科学道德问题。
一篇论文中几乎自始至终都有需要引用参考文献之处。如论文引言中应引上对本题最重要、最直接有关的文献;在方法中应引上所采用或借鉴的方法;在结果中有时要引上与文献对比的资料;在讨论中更应引上与论文有关的各种支持的或有矛盾的结果或观点等。
④ 英语论文开题报告怎么写
开题报告,老师一般会给模板,还要看你题目是什么。这是我的开题报告,你参考一下吧。
课题名称
An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese
试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异
课题来源
Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor
一、课题背景及意义 (课题的立题依据及研究意义)
Research Background:
A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture.
When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the common illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people’s daily life.
Research Significance:
As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into account the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance communication skills, avoid conflict of cultures.
二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 (课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向)
Research Status:
Study of color words has long attracted linguists’ attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, e to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, comparative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance..
Research Tendency:
21st century’s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality.
三、研究内容及研究目标 (对研究的内容进行说明,并阐明要达到的目标)
Research Contents:
A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified
1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit
1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death
2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate
2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful
2.4 Black Is Associated With Anger
B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky
1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty
2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms
2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor
2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid
C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity
2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism.
2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss
D. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Noble
1.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative
2.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and Disease
Research Objectives:
I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of color words and enhance communication skills, avoid conflict in Western culture.
四、预计的研究难点 (课题研究过程中可能遇到的理论难题或技术难点)
With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how is the color of the word has become more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality e to lack of the knowledge related.
五、创新点 (选题、观点、理论、材料、方法等创新点)
The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords.
六、进度计划 (根据研究内容及研究目标所预计的进度安排)
1. Nov.16th — Nov.22nd , 2008 Subject selecting & topic narrowing
2. Nov.23rd — Dec.20th , 2008 Data gathering
3. Dec.21st — Jan.10th , 2009 Opening report & detailed outline
4. Jan.11th — Feb.8th, 2009 Literature review
5. Feb.9th — Mar.14th, 2009 First draft
6. Mar.15th — Apr.10th, 2009 Second draft
7. Apr.11th — Apr.20th, 2009 Final version
8. Apr.27th — May 14th, 2009 Printing
9. May 17th — May 25th, 2009 Thesis debate
七、资料来源 (指能够支持“课题背景”、“课题研究现状及发展趋势”所论述内容的主要文献资料)
[1] Baugh, A.C. & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.
[2] Eckersley, C.E. Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979.
[3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Ecation, 1985.
[4] Hornby, A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974.
[5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. U.S.A.: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997.
[6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. U.S.A.: Edward Arnold, 1989.
[7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981.
[8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
[9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.
[10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Instry Press, 2007.
[11] 陈永烨.“英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异” [J].《辽宁工程技术大学学报》,2005,(7).
[12] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海:上海外语出版社,2002.
[13] 邓炎昌,刘润清.《语言与文化》[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1991.
[14] 蒋栋元.“论颜色及颜色词的文化差异” [J]. 《四川外语学院学报》,2002,(3).
[15] 唐振华.“英汉颜色词的翻译” [J].《中国科技翻译》,1997,(2).
指导教师意见:(对课题的认可意见)
指导教师
年 月 日
系(教研室)审查意见:
系(教研室)主任:
年 月 日
⑤ 英语教学论文开题报告的基本内容怎么写
可以来写的,不是很难。
论文引人入源胜之言,很重要,要写好。一段好的论文引言常能使读者明白你这份工作的发展历程和在这一研究方向中的位置。要写出论文立题依据、基础、背景、研究目的。要复习必要的文献、写明问题的发展。文字要简练
⑥ 英语论文开题报告范文 ,是范文,不是范文就不要了
网上多的是,复制粘贴嘛~~~~
⑦ 英语专业开题报告范文
英语专业毕业论文开题报告格式及范文
外语系2007届英语专业开题报告写作规范
为进一步严格学术规范,加强指导教师对学生论文写作的有效指导以及减少学生在写作过程的盲目性,外语系特要求学生在论文选题和论文写作前期与指导教师保持联系,认真撰写开题报告。外语系特对本届毕业论文开题报告作以下规定:
I. 英语专业学生开题报告写作语言为英文(填写毕业论文登记表中“开题报告”用中文)。
II. 开题报告写作步骤为:
1. Title (论文题目)
2. Thesis Statement (中心论点)
3. Purpose and Significance of Study (研究目的和意义)
4. Situation of Study (研究现状)
5. Difficulty of Study (研究难点)
6. Detailed Outline (详细提纲)
7. References (参考文献)。
III. 学生按规定时间完成开题报告后,指导教师组织小组开题并填写审核意见。
IV. 指导教师同意后,学生方可进行论文写作。
V. 本期末学生离校前须与指导教师见面,商讨下一步写作计划等事宜。
VI. 下期开学报到后小组长召集全组成员与指导教师见面,汇报论文资料收集或写作中存在的问题。
VII. 参考文献要求用APA格式或MLA格式。
VIII. 页面设置
纸型:A4(210 X 297毫米)即宽度:21厘米,高度29.7厘米。
页边距:上1.8厘米、下1.35厘米;左2.2厘米、右1.8厘米。装订线位置:左侧,装订线:0厘米,距边界:页眉1.6,页脚1.6。每页:32行,跨度23.5磅。
外 语 系
2007-1-1
潼 城 大学
外 语 系
Tongcheng University
(B.A. Thesis Proposal)
论文题目:
(英文题目在上、汉语题目在下)
专 业:
指导教师:
学 生:
班 级:
学 号:
日 期:
1. Title
2. Thesis Statement
3. Purpose and Significance of Study
4. Situation of Study
5. Difficulty of Study
6. Outline
7. References
开题过程:
论文小组长(签名):
日 期:
指导教师意见:
指导教师签名:
日 期:
⑧ 英语论文开题报告:The use of body language in middle school English teaching
什么意思,英语教学法的论文,还好了