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采礦學參考文獻是哪些

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㈠ 求 采礦方面的 英文文獻及其中文翻譯一篇

Coal mine waste water treatment and reuse technology Comparative Study

Digest:Introced the sewage and wastewater processing resources of the latest technologies and processes, analysis and comparison of the three kinds of process options to deal with coal mine waste water system investment and operating costs, and to explore the reverse osmosis water treatment technology in the coal mine waste water treatment application The technical and economic feasibility.Coal mine waste water treatment and reuse of the consolidated operating costs for the :2.185-2 .465 yuan / ton. One membrane of the processing costs as low as: 2.185 yuan / ton. Such prices on drought and water shortage in the Northwest region is very attractive. Of mine waste water recycling, not only can rece the amount of wastewater discharge, but also can make water resource, it should be said, it is a method of water resources in the hope of regeneration, but also our country to achieve sustainable use of water resources in an effective way to .

Key words: reverse osmosis electroplating wastewater recycling。

China's large population and uneven spatial and temporal distribution of freshwater resources, water resources and socio-economic development is not balanced; population growth has increased year after year the demand of water resources, instry's rapid development has become increasingly serious water pollution, thus creating a shortfall of water resources and water pollution are increasing.At present, China's prominent contradiction between water supply and demand, there are more than 300 cities short of water, of which there are 114 cities in serious water shortages. Water supply and demand in China in the 21st century the situation was very serious water crisis will become a question of resources in the most severe punishment of all issues. To resolve this problem, in addition to the scientific management of water resources and optimizing the assigned amount, the high-tech means to bring into full play the role of the use of water resources is also very crucial.
In recent years, China's annual volume of about 400-500 million sewage M3, treated emissions from only 15-25%, e to cross-flow of sewage everywhere, so that all our major sources of water proce different degrees of pollution, a serious deterioration of water environment 【】 .Therefore, to enhance wastewater treatment, so that not only the discharge standards but also to a large number of reuse, very necessary, which improve the water environment to ease the shortage of water resources, saving precious water resources are very important. Urban and instrial sewage has been the depth of treatment can be used for agricultural irrigation, instrial proction, urban landscape, Urban Green, life miscellaneous, groundwater recharge, and additional surface water in such applications as 【8】.Traditional water treatment technology can eliminate some air pollutants, the COD, BOD and heavy financial and other indicators of reced pollutant emission standards, or miscellaneous safety standards, but can not completely eliminate the drainage contained in the solubility of trace contaminants. Reverse osmosis membrane technology to thoroughly remove these pollutants to achieve the strict sense of the wastewater reclamation. Traditional treatment processes and membrane technology integration can be sewage or waste water into a different water quality standards for reuse water, or make it loop back to use, this would ease the contradiction between supply and demand, but also rece pollution, but also promote the development of environmental protection instry 【6】.

Sewage Wastewater Reuse Technology and Application Overview

The serious deterioration of water environment quality and the rapid economic development, and urgently requires a corresponding resource of sewage waste water technology. In this field of membrane separation technology occupies an important position and role. Membrane separation, as a high-tech in the last 40 years to develop quickly into the instrialization of the process of energy-efficient separation technology.Than 40 years, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, pervaporation, membrane contact and membrane reactions have been developed in energy, electronics, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, light instry, food and beverage instry and the daily life and environmental protection Dengjun wide range of applications received, resulting in significant economic and social benefits. The needs of the community to make membrane technology promised born, but also the needs of society to promote the rapid development of membrane technology to membrane technology innovation, technological progress, improve, and become a unit operation, to become integrated in the process of the key 【9】.

1.Continuous membrane filtration technology

Hollow fiber membrane e to large surface area membrane moles of the loading density, so compact equipment; this film made by spinning, simple process, so proction costs are generally lower than the other films: In the absence of support layer may reverse cleaning, exceptional stain resistance of some good cleaning agent on the oxidative tolerance to the emergence of a good film made in large-scale sewage treatment works, the application of hollow fiber membrane has a unique advantage 【7】.
CMF technology is the core of the high anti-pollution film, as well as compatible with membrane cleaning technology, which enables non-stop cleaning membrane cleaning, and thus to achieve a continuous treatment of liquid non-stop to ensure a continuous and efficient operation of equipment.
CMF is currently mainly used in large-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant raw water the depth of the secondary settling tank treatment and reuse, desalination, or large-scale reverse osmosis pretreatment system. Surface water ground water purification, beverages, etc. to clarify the turbidity.

2.Membrane bio-reactor

Membrane bio-reactor is membrane separation technology and bio-technology combined with new technology. Used in the field of sewage waste water treatment using membrane pieces for solid-liquid separation, sludge or impurities interception return to the bio-reactor, handling the drainage of water through the membrane to form a sewage treatment membrane bioreactor system, The role of membrane moles is equivalent to conventional biological wastewater treatment systems in the secondary sedimentation tank 【4】.
MBR used in the film are flat membrane, tubular membrane and hollow fiber membrane, is currently mainly based hollow fiber membrane.
The MBR wastewater treatment, raw water sources have reached a very high water guidelines. This method is not limited to domestic wastewater treatment, MBR technology is also widely used in dyeing wastewater, scouring wastewater, meat processing, sewage water treatment systems. Another feature of MBR systems vary in size, the small device can be used for a family, large-scale installations daily processing capacity of up to tens of thousands of cubic meters.

3.Reverse Osmosis Technology

Reverse osmosis technology is the early 20th century, 60 developed a pressure-driven membrane separation technology. The technology is from seawater, brackish water desalination and developed, often referred to as "desalination technology." As the reverse osmosis technology has no phase change, component-based, process simple and convenient operation, accounting for small size, less investment, low energy consumption advantages to develop very rapidly. RO technology has been widely used in sea water, brackish water desalination, pure water, ultra-pure water preparation, chemical separation, concentration, purification, waste water resource and other fields. Projects throughout the electric power, electronics, chemicals, light instry, coal, environmental protection, medicine, food and other instries.
Water resource is incremental development of freshwater resources and the protection of the environment a al purpose. Inorganic series of wastewater treatment and seawater desalination of brackish water using the same equipment and have the more common process technology. RO can waste in copper, lead, mercury, nickel, antimony, beryllium, arsenic, chromium, selenium, ammonium, zinc ion removal addition to 90-99%.
At present, the reverse osmosis technology in urban wastewater treatment, a number of instrial waste water treatment application of the depth has been a high degree of attention, including water reuse, wastewater treatment plant secondary effluent from the depth of treatment, after primary treatment of instrial waste water depth of processing system to take high-quality fresh water. Many water-scarce countries in the Middle East, in the extensive use of reverse osmosis desalination technology, the introction of reverse osmosis technology technical processing secondary effluent, effluent quality up to TDS ≤ 80mg / L, the expansion of freshwater resources. Such as the Middle East, Australia, Singapore and other countries are examples of major projects in this area 【9】.

4.Integrated membrane process wastewater treatment methods

Integrated membrane process is ultrafiltration / microfiltration and reverse osmosis used in combination to form to meet the purpose of咱reuse wastewater treatment process.Ultrafiltration, microfiltration can be used as stand-alone high-level tertiary treatment method, is also an ideal pre-treatment process of reverse osmosis technology, anti-pollution ability, superior performance of ultrafiltration, microfiltration unit to replace the complex conventional treatment, and the water quality much higher than the three water indicators, not only can remove the sewage bacteria and suspended solids, the COD, BOD also have some effect but addition.In ultrafiltration, microfiltration after the use of reverse osmosis membranes, its traditional pre-wash cycle from 3-4 weeks to process more than six months, the membrane can prolong life for years to reach -6. Membrane integrated wastewater reclamation process has the system is stable, maintaining a small area of small, less use of chemicals, processes and operation of a simple and low cost.

Conclusion

Membrane Wastewater Treatment and Reuse of coal mine is technically entirely reliable, which has a successful experience.
With the rapid development of instry, water pollution, worsening water scarcity will become increasingly serious, instrial wastewater recycling will be referred to the agenda.
From the environmental perspective, recycling of waste water re-use of mine has a very important environmental significance.
Of mine waste water recycling, not only can rece the amount of wastewater discharge, but also can make water resource, it should be said, it is a method of water resources in the hope of regeneration, but also our country to achieve sustainable use of water resources in an effective way to .
Of membrane processes for coal mine wastewater and reuse, both technically and economically feasible, economic and environmental benefits are very significant.

References

Gang Shao. Membrane water treatment technology and engineering examples 【M】. Beijing: Chemical Instry Press, 2002.256 ~ 280.
Healy I, Binchois music. The water and use the net again. Beijing: China Building a Board Association, 1985.
【3】 Bella G. Liputaike. Environmental engineer with the book. Beijing: China Building Instry Society out of plates, 1987.
【4】 High from Kai. Membrane separation technology and water reuse 【m】 .2003 Beijing Water Forum papers .2003.9.
【5】 Feng Zhang, Xu Ping. Reverse osmosis, nanofiltration membrane and its application in wastewater treatment 【M】. Membrane Science and Technology ,2003,23:234-236.
【6】 Mayao Guang, Ma Bolin. Wastewater utilization of agricultural resources. Beijing: Chemical Instry Press, 2002.45 ~ 78.
【7】 Yao Zhichun. Wastewater treatment and reuse. Gansu Water Conservancy and Hydropower 1999.: 56 ~ 60.
【8】 LEI Le-cheng, etc., sewage back with new technology and engineering design. Beijing: Chemical Engineering Press, .2002:453 ~ 461.
【9】 Zhang Bao cases. Reverse osmosis water treatment application technology 【M】. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2004.281 ~ 295.

煤礦礦井廢水處理回用工藝比較研究

摘要:介紹了污水、廢水處理資源化的最新技術和工藝,分析比較了三種工藝方案處理煤礦礦井廢水的系統投資和運行成本,並探討了反滲透水處理技術在煤礦礦井廢水處理中應用的技術經濟可行性.煤礦礦井廢水處理回用的綜合運行費用為:2.185-2.465元/噸。其中膜法的處理費用最低為:2.185元/噸。這樣的價格對乾旱缺水的西北地區是很有吸引力的。對礦井廢水進行回收再利用,不但可以減少廢水排放量,又可以使廢水資源化,應該說,它是一種水資源再生的希望方法,也是我國實現水資源可持續利用的有效途徑之一。

關鍵詞:反滲透電鍍廢水處理回收利用

我國人口眾多,淡水資源時空分布不均勻,水資源和社會經濟發展不均衡;人口的不斷增長又使水資源需求量逐年上升,工業的快速發展使水污染愈加嚴重,因此造成水資源缺短和水環境污染現象日趨嚴重。目前,我國水資源供需矛盾比較突出,全國有300多個城市缺水,其中有114個城市嚴重缺水。21世紀我國水資源供需形勢非常嚴重,水資源危機將成為所有資源問題中最為嚴懲的問題。要解決這一難題,除水資源的科學治理和優化配量之外,充分發揮高新科技手段在水資源利用中的作用也是十分關鍵的。

近年來,我國每年排污水量約400-500億M3,經處理後排放的僅15-25%,由於污水到處橫流,使我國各大水源都產生不同程度的污染,水環境嚴重惡化【4】。所以,加強污水深度治理,使之不僅達標排放而且還可大量回用,非常必要,這對改善水環境、緩解水資源的不足,節約寶貴的水資源都是十分重要的。城市及工業污水經過深度處理後可用於農業澆灌、工業生產、城市景觀、市政綠化、生活雜用、地下水回灌和補充地表水等方面的應用【8】。傳統水處理技術能夠消除部分污染物,將COD、BOD以及重金融等污染物指標降到安全排放標准或雜用標准,但無法完全消除排水中所含的微量溶解性污染物。採用反滲透膜技術可徹底去除這些污染物,實現嚴格意義下的污水再生。用傳統處理工藝和膜技術集成,可將污水或廢水變成不同水質標準的回用水,或使之循環回用,這樣即緩解了供求矛盾,又減少了污染,還可促進環保產業的發展【6】。

污水廢水資源化技術及應用簡介

水環境質量的嚴重惡化和經濟的高速發展,迫切要求有相應的污水廢水資源化的技術。在這一領域中膜分離技術佔有重要的位置和作用。膜分離作為一項高新技術在近40年來迅速發展成為產業化的高效節能分離技術過程。40多年,電滲析、反滲透、微濾、超濾、納濾、滲透汽化,膜接觸和膜反應過程相繼發展起來,在能源、電子、石化、醫葯衛生、化工、輕工、食品、飲料行業和日常生活及環保領域等均獲得廣泛的應用,產生了顯著的經濟和社會效益。社會的需求使膜技術應允而生,也是社會的需求促使膜技術迅速發展,使膜技術不斷創新、技術進步,完善,成為單元操作,成為集成過程中的關鍵【9】。

1.連續膜過濾技術

中空纖維膜由於比表面積大,膜組件的裝填密度大,所以設備緊湊;這種膜因紡制而成,工藝簡單,所以生產成本一般低於其它的膜:由於沒有支撐層均可以反向清洗,非凡是一些耐污染性好,對氧化性清洗劑耐受性好的膜的出現,使得在大規模的污水處理工程中,中空纖維膜的應用有獨特的優勢【7】。

CMF技術的核心是高抗污染膜以及與之相配合的膜清洗技術,可以實現對膜的不停機清洗清洗,從而做到對料液不間斷連續處理,保證設備的連續高效運行。

CMF目前主要用於大型城市污水處理廠二沉池生水的深度處理回用,海水淡化或大型反滲透系統的預處理。地表水地下水凈化、飲料澄清除濁等。

2.膜生物反應器

膜生物反應器是膜分離技術和生物技術結合的新工藝。用在污水廢水處理領域,利用膜件進行固液分離,截留的污泥或雜質迴流至在生物反應器中,處理的清水透過膜排水,構成了污水處理的膜生物反應器系統,膜組件的作用相當於傳統污水生物處理系統中的二沉池【4】。

MBR中使用的膜有平板膜、管式膜和中空纖維膜,目前主要以中空纖維膜為主。

生活污水經MBR處理後,生水水源已達到很高的水標准。此方法不僅限於處理生活污水,MBR技術也廣泛地用於染色廢水,洗毛廢水、肉類加工污水等水處理系統。MBR系統的另一個特點是規模可大可小,小裝置可用於一個家庭,大型裝置日處理量可達數萬立方米。

3.反滲透技術

反滲透技術是20世紀60年代初發展起來的以壓力為驅動力的膜分離技術。該技術是從海水、苦鹹水淡化而發展起來的,通常稱為「淡化技術」。由於反滲透技術具有無相變,組件化、流程簡單,操作方便,占面積小、投資少,耗能低等優點,發展十分迅速。RO技術已廣泛用於海水、苦鹹水淡化,純水、超純水制備,化工分離、濃縮、提純,廢水資源化等領域。工程遍布電力、電子、化工、輕工、煤炭、環保、醫葯、食品等行業。

廢水資源化是有開發增量淡水資源與保護環境雙重目的。無機系列廢水處理與海水苦鹹水淡化採用同類裝並具有較多共性工藝技術。RO可使廢液中的銅、鉛、汞、鎳、銻、鈹、砷、鉻、硒、銨、鋅等離子脫除除90-99%。

目前,反滲透技術在城市污水深度處理,一些工業廢水深度處理方面的應用受到了高度重視,包括中水回用,污水處理廠二級出水的深度處理,經初級處理後的工業廢水深度處理製取優質淡水。中東不少缺水國家,在大量採用反滲透海水淡化技術的同時,引入反滲透技技術處理二級污水,出水水質可達TDS≤80mg/L,擴大了淡水資源。如中東地區、澳大利亞、新加坡等國都有這方面的大型工程實例【9】。

4.集成膜過程污水深度處理方法

集成膜過程是將超濾/微濾與反滲透結合使用,形成能夠滿足各咱回用目的的污水深度處理工藝。超濾、微濾可以作為獨立的高級三級處理方法,也是反滲透過程理想的預處理工藝,抗污染能力強、性能優越的超濾、微濾單元代替了復雜的傳統處理工藝,而且出水品質遠高於三級出水指標,不但完全可以去除污水中的細菌和懸浮物,對COD、BOD也有一定的卻除效果。在超濾、微濾之後使用的反滲透膜,其清洗周期由採用傳統預處理工藝的3-4周增加到半年以上,膜壽命可延長到達-6年。膜集成污水再生工藝具有系統穩定、維護少、佔地小、化學品用量少、流程簡單和運行費用低等優點。

結論

煤礦礦井廢水處理回用的綜合運行費用為:2.185-2.465元/噸。其中膜法的處理費用最低為:2.185元/噸。這樣的價格對乾旱缺水的西北地區是很有吸引力的。
用膜法處理煤礦礦井廢水並回用在技術上是完全可靠的,國內外都有成功經驗。

隨著工業的快速發展,水資源的污染日益嚴重,缺水現象會越來越嚴重,工業廢水的回收利用將會提到議事日程。

從環境保護方面講,對礦井廢水進行回收再利用具有非常重要的環境意義。

對礦井廢水進行回收再利用,不但可以減少廢水排放量,又可以使廢水資源化,應該說,它是一種水資源再生的希望方法,也是我國實現水資源可持續利用的有效途徑之一。

膜法處理煤礦礦井廢水並回用,不但在技術上和經濟上都是可行的,經濟和環境效益都非常顯著。

參考文獻

邵剛.膜法水處理技術及工程實例【M】.北京:化學工業出版社,2002.256~280.

希利I,舒瓦樂.水的再凈與利用.北京:中國建築出板社,1985.

【3】貝拉G.利普泰克.環境工程師用冊.北京:中國建築工業出板社,1987.

【4】高從鍇.膜分離技術與水資源再利用【m】.2003北京水務論壇論文.2003.9.

【5】張烽,徐平.反滲透、納濾膜及其在廢水處理中的應用【M】.膜科學與技術,2003,23:234-236.

【6】馬耀光,馬柏林.廢水的農業資源化利用.北京:化學工業出版社,2002.45~78.

【7】姚志春.污水凈化再利用.甘肅水利水電1999.:56~60.

【8】雷樂成等,污水回用新技術及工程設計.北京:化學工程出版社.2002:453~461.

【9】張葆宗.反滲透水處理應用技術【M】.北京:中國電力出版社,2004.281~295.

㈡ 采礦學的《采礦學》王青主編

書名:采礦學
作者:王青 史維祥等主編
ISBN:10位[7502425705] 13位[9787502425708]
出版社:冶金工業出版社
出版日期:2001-1-1
定價:¥39.80 元 緒論
第一節礦產資源、采礦及其在社會經濟發展中的地位
第二節采礦技術的發展
第三節采礦學的研究內容
第一篇采礦基礎
第一章礦床品位與儲量計算
第二章岩石的力學性質及分級
第三章鑿岩及其機具
第四章炸葯與起爆方法
第五章井巷設計與施工
第二篇地下開采
第六章礦床地下開采基本概念
第七章礦床開拓
第八章礦床開拓方案選擇
第九章礦床開采過程與采礦方法概述
第十章空場采礦法
第十一章崩落采礦法
第十二章充填采礦法
第十三章采礦方法選擇
第三篇露天開采
第十四章最終開采境界的確定
第十五章露天開采程序
第十六章露天礦生產計算
第十七章露天礦床開拓
第十八章露天開采工藝第四篇礦山技術經濟
第十九章技術經濟學基礎
第二十章礦山項目投資
第二十一章礦山生產成本
第二十二章投資項目經濟評價
參考文獻

㈢ 采礦學都有哪些科目

采礦工程

培養掌握現代化的采礦科學技術理論和生產管理知識的高級工程技術人才,采礦工程專業的主幹學科是岩體工程力學、采礦學、工業工程學。學生通過學習岩體工程力學、采礦學、礦山壓力及其控制、系統工程學、工業工程學、礦山通風與安全、工程經濟分析、管理信息系統等一系列主要課程,具有從事礦區開發規劃,礦山開采設計及生產管理的能力。

畢業生可在礦業類工礦企業及市政建設、交通、水利等部門的建設單位、設計院、研究院(所)、高等學校從事設計、研究及生產管理和教學工作。

學科主要有六個研究方向:
1.采場圍岩控制
2.巷道圍岩控制
3.采礦系統工程
4.開采方法及工藝
5.充填注漿材料與技術
6.露天開采及邊坡工程

本專業培養目標為:培養具備固體礦床開采、設計與施工的基本理論和方法,具備采礦工程師的基本能力,能從事礦區開發規劃,能在礦山等領域從事生產、設計、施工、科研及管理的高級工程技術人才。

本專業分為地下開采和露天開采兩個方向:
1、地下開采方向(99人)
主要課程:該專業方向學生主要學習采礦、岩土工程力學基礎、礦山通風與安全、礦業信息及計算機應用方面的基礎理論和基本技術,專業核心課程有采礦學、材料力學、岩土力學、礦山壓力及其控制、井巷工程、礦井通風與安全、採掘機械、電工技術與電子技術、地質學、礦業信息及計算機應用、現代企業管理。
就業方向:畢業生主要從事礦山開采、岩土工程、地下建築工程等領域的設計、生產、施工、安全監察、科研、管理、礦業信息及計算機應用等方面的工作。
2、露天開采方向(14人)
主要課程:該專業方向學生主要學習露天采礦、岩石力學、土力學地基基礎、露天礦運輸設備、礦業信息及計算機應用方面的基礎理論和基本技術,專業方向核心課程有露天礦設計原理、露天采礦工藝、露天採掘機械、采礦系統工程、邊坡工程、地質學、電工技術與電子技術、礦業信息及計算機應用、現代企業管理等。
就業方向:畢業生主要從事露天礦山開采、岩土工程、基礎工程等領域的設計、生產、施工、安全監察、科研、管理、礦業信息及計算機應用等方面的工作。

㈣ 北京科技大學采礦工程方面的教材:采礦學、礦床學、地質學、礦山岩石力學

你去北科圖書館的東門,進去右拐有個小書店,那有舊書,便宜,而且老闆基本上知道用的哪些教材,祝你好運~~

記得選我的回答作為最佳回答哦~~

㈤ 采礦畢業設計

畢業設計(論文)是學生畢業前最後一個重要學習環節,是學習深化與升華的重要過程。它既是學生學習、研究與實踐成果的全面總結,又是對學生素質與能力的一次全面檢驗,而且還是對學生的畢業資格及學位資格認證的重要依據。為了保證我校本科生畢業設計(論文)質量,特製定「同濟大學本科生畢業設計(論文)撰寫規范」。
一、畢業設計(論文)資料的組成A.畢業設計(論文)任務書;B.畢業設計(論文)成績評定書;C.畢業論文或畢業設計說明書(包括:封面、中外文摘要或設計總說明(包括關鍵詞)、目錄、正文、謝辭、參考文獻、附錄);D.譯文及原文復印件;E.圖紙、軟盤等。
二、畢業設計(論文)資料的填寫及有關資料的裝訂畢業設計(論文)統一使用學校印製的畢業設計(論文)資料袋、畢業設計(論文)任務書、畢業設計(論文)成績評定書、畢業設計(論文)封面、稿紙(在教務處網上下載用,學校統一紙面格式,使用A4列印紙)。
畢業設計(論文)資料按要求認真填寫,字體要工整,卷面要整潔,手寫一律用黑或藍黑墨水;任務書由指導教師填寫並簽字,經院長(系主任)簽字後發出。畢業論文或設計說明書要按順序裝訂:封面、中外文摘要或設計總說明(包括關鍵詞)、目錄、正文、謝辭、參考文獻、附錄裝訂在一起,然後與畢業設計(論文)任務書、畢業設計(論文)成績評定書、譯文及原文復印件(訂在一起)、工程圖紙(按國家標准折疊裝訂)、軟盤等一起放入填寫好的資料袋內交指導教師查收,經審閱評定後歸檔。
三、畢業設計說明書(論文)撰寫的內容與要求一份完整的畢業設計(論文)應包括以下幾個方面:
1.標題
標題應該簡短、明確、有概括性。標題字數要適當,不宜超過20個字,如果有些細節必須放進標題,可以分成主標題和副標題。
2.論文摘要或設計總說明論文摘要以濃縮的形式概括研究課題的內容,中文摘要在300字左右,外文摘要以250個左右實詞為宜,關鍵詞一般以3~5個為妥。
設計總說明主要介紹設計任務來源、設計標准、設計原則及主要技術資料,中文字數要在1500~2000字以內,外文字數以1000個左右實詞為宜,關鍵詞一般以5個左右為妥。
3.目錄
目錄按三級標題編寫(即:1……、1.1……、1.1.1……),要求標題層次清晰。目錄中的標題應與正文中的標題一致,附錄也應依次列入目錄。
4.正文
畢業設計說明書(論文)正文包括緒論、正文主體與結論,其內容分別如下:緒論應說明本課題的意義、目的、研究范圍及要達到的技術要求;簡述本課題在國內外的發展概況及存在的問題;說明本課題的指導思想;闡述本課題應解決的主要問題,在文字量上要比摘要多。
正文主體是對研究工作的詳細表述,其內容包括:問題的提出,研究工作的基本前提、假設和條件;模型的建立,實驗方案的擬定;基本概念和理論基礎;設計計算的主要方法和內容;實驗方法、內容及其分析;理論論證,理論在課題中的應用,課題得出的結果,以及對結果的討論等。學生根據畢業設計(論文)課題的性質,一般僅涉及上述一部分內容。
結論是對整個研究工作進行歸納和綜合而得出的總結,對所得結果與已有結果的比較和課題尚存在的問題,以及進一步開展研究的見解與建議。結論要寫得概括、簡短。
5.謝辭
謝辭應以簡短的文字對在課題研究和設計說明書(論文)撰寫過程中曾直接給予幫助的人員(例如指導教師、答疑教師及其他人員)表示自己的謝意,這不僅是一種禮貌,也是對他人勞動的尊重,是治學者應有的思想作風。
6.參考文獻與附錄
參考文獻是畢業設計(論文)不可缺少的組成部分,它反映畢業設計(論文)的取材來源、材料的廣博程度和材料的可靠程度,也是作者對他人知識成果的承認和尊重。一份完整的參考文獻可向讀者提供一份有價值的信息資料。一般做畢業設計(論文)的參考文獻不宜過多,但應列入主要的文獻可10篇以上,其中外文文獻在2篇以上。
附錄是對於一些不宜放在正文中,但有參考價值的內容,可編入畢業設計(論文)的附錄中,例如公式的推演、編寫的程序等;如果文章中引用的符號較多時,便於讀者查閱,可以編寫一個符號說明,註明符號代表的意義。一般附錄的篇幅不宜過大,若附錄篇幅超過正文,會讓人產生頭輕腳重的感覺。
四、畢業設計(論文)要求
我校畢業設計(論文)大致有設計類、理論研究類(理科)、實驗研究類、計算機軟體設計類、經濟、管理及文科類、綜合類等,具體要求如下:
1.設計類(包括機械、建築、土建工程等):學生必須獨立繪制完成一定數量的圖紙,工程圖除了用計算機繪圖外必須要有1~2張(2號以上含2號圖)是手工繪圖;一份15000字以上的設計說明書(包括計算書、調研報告);參考文獻不低於10篇,其中外文文獻要在2篇以上。
2.理論研究類(理科):對該類課題工科學生一般不提倡,各院系要慎重選題,除非題目確實有實際意義。該畢業設計報告或論文字數要在20000字以上;根據課題提出問題、分析問題,提出方案、並進行建模、模擬和設計計算等;參考文獻不低於15篇,其中外文文獻要在4篇以上。
3.實驗研究類:學生要獨立完成一個完整的實驗,取得足夠的實驗數據,實驗要有探索性,而不是簡單重復已有的工作;要完成15000字以上的論文,其包括文獻綜述,實驗部分的討論與結論等內容;參考文獻不少於10篇,包括2篇以上外文文獻。
4.計算機軟體類:學生要獨立完成一個軟體或較大軟體中的一個模塊,要有足夠的工作量;要寫出10000字以上的軟體說明書和論文;畢業設計(論文)中如涉及到有關電路方面的內容時,必須完成調試工作,要有完整的測試結果和給出各種參數指標;當涉及到有關計算機軟體方面的內容時,要進行計算機演示程序運行和給出運行結果。
5.經濟、管理及文科類:學生在教師的指導下完成開題報告;撰寫一篇20000字以上的有一定水平的專題論文(外國語專業論文篇幅為5000個詞以上。);參考文獻不少於10篇,包括1-2篇外文文獻。
6.綜合類:綜合類畢業設計(論文)要求至少包括以上三類內容,如有工程設計內容時,在圖紙工作量上可酌情減少,完成10000字以上的論文,參考文獻不少於10篇,包括2篇以上外文文獻。
每位學生在完成畢業設計(論文)的同時要求:(1)翻譯2萬外文印刷字元或譯出5000漢字以上的有關技術資料或專業文獻(外語專業學生翻譯6000~8000字元的專業外文文獻或寫出10000字元的外文文獻的中文讀書報告),內容要盡量結合課題(譯文連同原文單獨裝訂成冊)。(2)使用計算機進行繪圖,或進行數據採集、數據處理、數據分析,或進行文獻檢索、論文編輯等。繪圖是工程設計的基本訓練,畢業設計中學生應用計算機繪圖,但作為繪圖基本訓練可要求一定量的墨線和鉛筆線圖。畢業設計圖紙應符合制圖標准,學生應參照教務處2004年3月印製的《畢業設計制圖規范》進行繪圖。
五、畢業設計(論文)的寫作細則
1.書寫
畢業設計(論文)要用學校規定的文稿紙書寫或列印(手寫時必須用黑或藍墨水),文稿紙背面不得書寫正文和圖表,正文中的任何部分不得寫到文稿紙邊框以外,文稿紙不得隨意接長或截短。漢字必須使用國家公布的規範字。
2.標點符號畢業設計(論文)中的標點符號應按新聞出版署公布的"標點符號用法"使用。3.名詞、名稱科學技術名詞術語盡量採用全國自然科學名詞審定委員會公布的規范詞或國家標准、部標准中規定的名稱,尚未統一規定或叫法有爭議的名稱術語,可採用慣用的名稱。使用外文縮寫代替某一名詞術語時,首次出現時應在括弧內註明其含義。外國人名一般採用英文原名,按名前姓後的原則書寫。一般很熟知的外國人名(如牛頓、達爾文、馬克思等)可按通常標准譯法寫譯名。
4.量和單位
量和單位必須採用中華人民共和國的國家標准GB3100~GB3102-93,它是以國際單位制(SI)為基礎的。非物理量的單位,如件、台、人、元等,可用漢字與符號構成組合形式的單位,例如件/台、元/km。
5.數字
畢業設計(論文)中的測量統計數據一律用阿拉伯數字,但在敘述不很大的數目時,一般不用阿拉伯數字,如"他發現兩顆小行星"、"三力作用於一點",不宜寫成"他發現2顆小行星"、"3力作用於1點"。大約的數字可以用中文數字,也可以用阿拉伯數字,如"約一百五十人",也可寫成"約150人"。
6.標題層次
畢業設計(論文)的全部標題層次應有條不紊,整齊清晰。相同的層次應採用統一的表示體例,正文中各級標題下的內容應同各自的標題對應,不應有與標題無關的內容。章節編號方法應採用分級阿拉伯數字編號方法,第一級為"1"、"2"、"3"等,第二級為"2.1"、"2.2"、"2.3"等,第三級為"2.2.1"、"2.2.2"、"2.2.3"等,但分級阿拉伯數字的編號一般不超過四級,兩級之間用下角圓點隔開,每一級的末尾不加標點。
各層標題均單獨占行書寫。第一級標題居中書寫;第二級標題序數頂格書寫,後空一格接寫標題,末尾不加標點;第三級和第四級標題均空兩格書寫序數,後空一格書寫標題。第四級以下單獨占行的標題順序採用A.B.C.…和a.b.c.兩層,標題均空兩格書寫序數,後空一格寫標題。正文中對總項包括的分項採用⑴、⑵、⑶…單獨序號,對分項中的小項採用①、②、③…的序號或數字加半括弧,括弧後不再加其他標點。
7.注釋
畢業設計(論文)中有個別名詞或情況需要解釋時,可加註說明,注釋可用頁末注(將注文放在加註頁的下端)或篇末注(將全部注文集中在文章末尾),而不可行中注(夾在正文中的注)。注釋只限於寫在注釋符號出現的同頁,不得隔頁。
8.公式
公式應居中書寫,公式的編號用圓括弧括起放在公式右邊行末,公式和編號之間不加虛線。9.表格
每個表格應有表序和表題,表序和表題應寫在表格上放正中,表序後空一格書寫表題。表格允許下頁接寫,表題可省略,表頭應重復寫,並在右上方寫"續表××"。
10.插圖
畢業設計的插圖必須精心製作,線條粗細要合適,圖面要整潔美觀。每幅插圖應有圖序和圖題,圖序和圖題應放在圖位下方居中處。圖應在描圖紙或在白紙上用墨線繪成,也可以用計算機繪圖。
11.參考文獻
參考文獻一律放在文後,參考文獻的書寫格式要按國家標准GB7714-87規定。參考文獻按文中出現的先後統一用阿拉伯數字進行自然編號,一般序碼宜用方括弧括起,不用園括弧括起。
打字不易,如滿意,望採納。

㈥ 小弟在做采礦畢業設計 急求一片3000字英文參考文獻翻譯

附錄 1
井筒及巷道的支護
井筒的支護
在國外,很少使用磚、料石和鑄鐵井壁, 從前,幾乎全用木支架,但現在混凝土和金屬井壁使用量日增。 井壁的選擇決定於圍岩和水的條件,井筒的形式和材料的費用。
(1)木支架——直到最近,大多數方形的井筒還在用框形木支架支護井幫和分成隔間。.所用木料的尺寸和框距取決於所遇到的岩層情況。. 木支架缺點是費用高,強度低、壽命短,易引起火災。在膨脹性岩層中,木支架損壞得慢,警告時間長。在大多數情況下,開始鑿井時澆灌一個混凝土鎖口以固定支架,為井筒木支架提供良好的基礎。木框架一般用掛鉤掛在上面的框架上,框架就位後插入支柱,拉緊掛鉤,在井筒周圍鋪上背板。
(2)金屬支護——有時用金屬支架代替木支架。 通常與木背板配合使用。木背板可快速而高效地插入金屬支架的翼緣中。金屬支架若設計恰當其安裝的速度和准確度均比木支架高,因為安裝時金屬支架可能螺栓連接,並且排列很整齊。
(3)混凝土井壁——現在,原形混凝土井壁使用日益廣泛。 例如,在南非幾乎100%的井筒採用圓形混凝土井壁。而且幾乎所有井筒毫無例外地達到最高的鑿井速度。 除了鑿井速度快外,,還有許多其它優勢。 圓形混凝土井壁做井筒指甲其強度系數最高,風流特性最好,與任何井壁形式相比其維護量最小。混凝土井壁容易拆除並改裝成另一種提升布置方式,或改為風井而不影響圍岩狀態。這類井筒對涌水的控制或封堵容易的多。與大多數其他類型相比,這種井筒的事故較少,萬一發生事故,修復也容易得多。在某些特殊的情況下,也採用方形或橢圓形混凝土做井壁的井筒。盡管方形井筒的成本與圓形或橢圓形相仿,但其強度不如圓形或橢圓形井筒。橢圓形井筒具有良好的強度系數,需要分開風流時採用這種形狀。但起鑿井費用比圓形的高。
(4 )噴漿或噴射混凝土井壁——有一些井壁採用噴漿或噴射混凝土井壁。這類井筒的罐道一般用錨桿固定。如果井筒完成後並能不需要罐道,那麼鑿井時可採用鋼絲繩罐道。
巷道支護
過去,框形或多節木支架是大家熟悉的唯一支護井下巷道的方法。隨著坑木的減少,寬翼緣型的出現,鋼材,作為一種結構支護材料,迅速的取代了坑木。最近錨噴支護也列入礦山實用支護方式。不論錨桿還是噴射混凝土(包括噴漿及噴混凝土在內)一英尺巷道的支護費用一般比金屬支架要低。有時兩者同時採用,其費用也比金屬支架省。
(1)金屬支架——金屬支架通常由兩節組成,每節包括一條棚腿和半截拱。同樣兩節相對立好之後,在拱頂用螺栓對接。金屬支架的尺寸取決於岩石的性質和地壓。一般地說,小斷面巷道採用4英寸或5英寸金屬支架,間距為1.5—4英尺;中斷面巷道採用5~6 英寸金屬支架,間距為1.5—4英尺;大斷面巷道採用6~8英寸金屬支架,間距2~5英尺。對於全部採用錨噴支架的工程,只是在斷層和嚴重破碎或軟岩地帶才需用金屬支架。根據需要,金屬棚子還必須鋪以木檔塊及木背板。一個標准掘進班組架設一架金屬棚子,需時20~40分鍾。
(2 )錨桿支架——現在通用的能張緊的錨桿有許多多種,其主要區別在於,擰緊螺帽使錨桿張緊之前,在孔內固定錨頭的脹圈結構的不同。最適合某種岩石的錨頭形式要經常做試驗來確定。軟鋼金屬錨桿的直徑至少應為1英寸,長度應為10英尺(巷道斷面要足以允許使用這樣長的錨桿)。安裝錨桿時應認真研究岩石節理的規律。錨桿的布置要大致均勻有規律,使錨桿張緊之後能與圍岩構成一個相似的拱形結構,以承受作用在巷道上的外部壓力。在起拱線以上整個巷道頂板錨桿的平均間距在最小約12平方英尺/根,最大25或25以上平方英尺/根之間變化。由普通掘進班組安裝錨桿時,一個標准掘進班組通常在30至40分鍾內可安裝錨桿,一個小時也許只能平均安裝兩根。
(3 )噴射混凝土——噴射混凝土或噴漿,這種把混凝土或砂漿直接噴到拱形巷道頂板岩石表面的方法正迅速地被公認是一種效率高而又經濟的巷道支護方式。只要噴上的混凝土能附著相當時間達到初凝強度而不陷落,此方法在各類軟、硬岩石或硬土上均可用。有許多促凝劑可到初凝。混凝土的噴射厚度為2~6英尺。干法噴射的效果通常比濕法好,因為可以噴、得厚一些,可以採用較大粒度的骨料(最大為0.75英寸),每台噴嘴的小時生產率較高(一個小時達5立方碼)。噴射混凝土在經濟上常具備的優點之一是可在裝岩的同時,向巷道頂板噴混凝土,從而縮短完成整個「循環」所需用的時間。
木支架
掘進中也許需要支護巷道頂板和兩幫的支架。傳統的方法通常是掘進時先架設臨時木支架,然後換成永久支架或襯砌。永久支架也可用坑木。
坑木作永久支架時應該很好地晾乾並用防腐蝕劑處理。木支架不用專用的工具或設備就能方便地就地加工很快地架好,通過局部不良地層掘進時,用木材作臨時支架,容易截割和加工,適應各種需要。
木棚是由幾根坑木構成、橫截巷道斷面的支架。小斷面巷道最常用的是三個構件組成的棚子,由一根頂梁(橫梁或棚梁)架在兩個棚腿上組成。棚腿傾斜度是每英尺1—1.5英寸,這樣的斜度除非側壓力太大及底板松軟,一般能防止棚腿底部向里推移。棚腿一般為硬木,圓形,小頭的最小直徑為5英寸。頂梁最小厚度一般為5英寸,寬度6—8英寸。背板一般厚2英寸,兩幫和頂板上可鋪也可不鋪背板。
在膨脹岩層中兩棚腿底部一般有「偏坡底撐」以防止棚腿移動,底板易隆起的地方,可採用反拱支架。巷道的懸頂(或頂板)如果做成拱形往往比較穩定,特別是在寬巷道中更是如此。只有頂板需要支護而兩幫堅硬的地方,可以省去棚腿,拱梁則固定在起拱線處的梁窩中。支架木料的尺寸和棚架間距取決於巷道的斷面和所需承受的壓力。在膨脹岩層中,背板不要鋪得太密,相鄰背板之間應留一定間距,以釋放低壓。
裝設木支架的常規工序和速度主要取決於支架在工作面後面應保持多近的距離。如果每進一個循環需要立即支護,那麼架設支架就成為掘進循環的一部分。爆破後的第一道工序是撬落頂板上的浮石;在松軟的地層中,利用前探梁、滑梁或類似的裝置以支護最後一架棚子前面的頂板,以便裝岩時保護工人。一個循環的矸石裝完後,就架設新棚子,必要時用楔子固定並裝上背板,並為新的循環安裝好鑿岩機。這種工序顯然會減慢掘進速度,但是除非岩層條件太差需要才用前探板樁法或其他方法,一般坑木可標准化,並採用常規作業。作業開始之前,將所有材料和器材運到工作面,可加快速度;工人應攜帶整架棚子、角楔、木楔、背板和工具進入工作面。支護工作落後於工作面過遠的地方,一般需要專業支架隊。利用適當的工作台進行支架工作,可不影響掘進工作。如果採用移動式工作台,其檯面有幾架棚子長,其高度又能讓礦車從底下通過,則對掘進工作會有好處的。

附錄2
GROUND SUPPORT FOR SHAFTS AND TUNNELS
In the USA, brick, stone and cast iron shaft linings are rare; formerly, timbering was almost universal but concreting and steel framing are increasing in use. Choice of support depends on ground and water conditions, shape of shaft and cost of materials.
(1)Timber Sets——Until relatively recently, most rectangular shafts have used square-set timbering for ground support and compartment division .Size of the timber used and set spacing is dependent on ground conditions encountered .The disadvantages of timer sets are the cost, strength , short life and fire hazard involved. In swelling ground timbering fails slowly and with ample warning .in most cases , a concrete collar is poured at the start of a shaft to tie the sets in and provide a good bearing for the shaft-timbering installation .Timber sets usually are hung from the preceding set with steel hanging rods .After the set is in place , the posts are inserted and the hanging rods are tightened up . The lagging is placed in around the sides of the shaft.
(2)Steel Sets-Steel sets sometimes ate used instead of timber. Wood lagging generally is employed in conjunetion. The laggling can be placed in the web of the steel sket very quickly and effectivelt. Properly designed steel sets go in faster and more accuratelt than wooden sets, as they can be bolted together and lined up perfectly when assembled.
(3)Concrete Lining-Circular concrete-lined shafts are more and more used today. For example, in South Africa, almost 100% of the shafts installed are circular concretelined .Also almost without exception, the best sinking time is achieved. Besides the good sinking rate, there are numerous other advantages. The circular concrete section provides the greatest strength factor for ground support ,the best air-flow characteristics, and by far the lowest maintenance of any shaft type. It can be stripped easily and changed to another hoisting configuration, or to a ventilation shaft, without disturbing ground conditions. Water can be controlled or sealed off much easier in this type of shaft. There are fewer wrecks in this shaft than in most other types, and rehabilitation can be accomplished much easier if they do occnr. In some special cases concrete-lined shafts of a square of elliptical shape are used. Although the cost is similar, the square shaft does not have the strength of either the circular of elliptical. The elliptical shaft has a good strength factor and is used where split ventilation is required. It is, however, more expensive to sink than a circular shaft.
(4)Gunite or Shotcrete Lining——There have been some shafts sunk using gunite or shotcrete for wall support. The guides in this type of shaft usually are not required in the completed shafe, the rope guides could be used in sinking.
GROUND SUPPORT FOR TUNNELS
In former years, the square or segmented timber set was the only known method for supporting underground excavations. As timber become more scarce and wideflange steel shapes made their appearance, steel rapidly displaced timber as a structure-support material. More recently, rock bolting and pneumatically applied concrete have been added to the list of practical ground-support media. Either rock bolting or pneumatically applied concrete concrete usually cost less per linear foot of tunnel than steel ribs . Sometime the two are used together and still show a saving over steel ribs.
(1)Steel Rib Support-Steel rib sets commonly are fabricated in two pieces with the side leg and half of the arch in each piece. The two identical pieces are stood up and bolted together at a butt joint in the crown . Size of steel required will depend upon the nature of the rock and the pressure being exerted by the ground . Generally speaking, a small tunnel section will require a 4-or 5-in .rib with spacing of 1(1/2)to 4ft; medium-sized , 5-to 6-in. rib with spacing of 1(1/2) to 4 ft; large, a 6-to 8-in.rib with spacing of 2 to 5 ft. On a project where full utilization is being made of rock bolting and pneumatically applied concrete, steel rib supports need be used only in fault zones and through stretches of badly broken rock or soft ground. Supplementing the steel rib, timber blocking and lagging must be installed as required. A standard tunnel crew usually erects a set of steel in 20 to 40 min.
(2)Rock Bolting –A number of types of tensionable rockbolts presently are available , differing mostly in the arrangement of the expandable device which anchors the end of the bolt to the rock prior to applying the tension by tightening the nut. Experimentation frepuently is necessary to determine the type of anchor most suitable to a particular formation of rock. Mildsteel bolts should be at least 1 in. in dia and 10 ft long, provided the tunnel is large enough to permit insertion of rods of this length. Rockbolts must be installed with careful consideration for the jointing pattern of the rock.. They must also be installed in a more or less uniform and regular pattern so that when tensioned they will, with the surrounding rock,proce a homogeneous arch structure against the external stresses acting upon the excavation opening. Average spacing of the rockbolts, throughout the roof of the tunnel above the spring line, will vary from a minimum of about 12sq ft of rock per bolt to a maximum of 25 or more. When rockbolts are installed by the regular tunnel crew, a standard tunnel crew usually will install the bolts required for one full round of advance of 8ft in 30 to 40 min. If a two-man crew alone is installing bolts, they probably will average two bolts per hour.
(3)Pneumatically Applied Concrete—Shotcret or gunite, applied directly to the rock surface of the arched tunnel roof, is rapidly becoming accepted as an effective and economical means of ground support. It can be used in all types of fair to poor rock or firm earth provided the material will stand up without caving for a sufficient time to permit the sprayed concrete to gain its initial strength. Accelerating additives are which, when added to the concrete at the spray nozzle, will cause initial set to occur within 3to 10 min. after the mortar has been applied. The concrete is applied in thickness of 2to 6 in. Dry-process application usually proces better results than the wet process because it permits the placing of thicker layers, uses larger aggregates (maximum, 3/4 in.) and usually achieves a higher proction rate per hour per nozzle (to 5.0 cu yd. per hr). One of the economies which frequently can be achieved with pneumatically applied concrete reflects the fact that it can be applied readily to the tunnel roof ring the mucking cycle, thereby shortening the total time required to complete the 「round」.
TIMBER SUPPORT
Supports for the tunnel roof and sides may be required while driving. Conventionally, temporary timbering is often used ring driving and replaced later by permanent supports or lining. Permanent supports may be of timber too.
For permanent support, timber should be well seasoned and treated with preservative. It is easily framed on the job and quickly erected without use of special tools or equipment. For temporary support, in local stretches of bad ground while advancing the heading timbers are readily cut and framed to suit requirements.
Timber sets comprises several timbers forming a framework across the tunnel section. The commonest form for narrow tunnels is the 3-piece set, consisting of a cap (crossbar or header) supported on two posts. The batter of the posts is 1 to 1.5in per ft, which is usually sufficient to prevent the bottoms of the posts. From pushing inward unless side pressure is excessive and the bottom soft. Posts are usually of hardwood, round, with small end 5-in minimum diameter. The minimum thickness of the cap is usually 5-in with width from 6 to 8 in. Lagging, usually 2 in thick, may or may not be set on the sides and top.
In swelling ground the timber set usually has :batter blocks」 to prevent the displacement of the posts; where the bottom tends to heave, an inverted arch set may be used. The back (or roof) of the tunnel often stands better if arched, especially in wide tunnels. Where only the back requires support and the walls are strong, posts may be omitted and the arched timbers set in hitches out at the break-line of the arch. Size of timbers and interval between sets depend upon size of tunnel and pressures to be withstood. Swelling ground should not be close-lagged, but spaces left between adjacent pieces of lagging, through which pressure can be relieved.
Routine and speed of timbering depend largely on how close the timbering must be kept behind the face. If each round of advance must be supported at once, timbering becomes a part of the driving cycle. The first step after blasting is to scale the back; and , in loose ground, to hold the back ahead of the last set by forepoling, sliding booms or similar means, to protect men while mucking. After the round is mucked, the new set is erected, blocked in place and lagged if necessary, and the drills are set up for the new round. timbers can be standardized and a regular routine followed. Speed is gained by baving all materials and supplies at the face before work begins; timber for a compete set, blocks, wedges, lagging and tools, should be brought in with the crew. Where the timbering lags a considerable distance behind the face, a special timber crew is usually employed. With suitable scaffolding, work can proceed without interfering with driving operations. A movable scaffold, with a working deck several sets long and high enough to allow the tunnel cars to pass under it, may be advantageous.
抱歉 我也沒找到!!你亂編一個吧

㈦ 采礦工程專業考研需要考什麼科目都有哪些比較好的參考資料

武漢理工大學采礦工程專業2015年考研招生簡章招生目錄

專業代碼:081901

考試科目

①101思想政治理論
②201英語一、
202俄語、
203日語(選一)
③302數學二
④827采礦學、
829礦物加工學(選一)
復試科目、復試參考書
復 試:
A、專業素質能力筆試:采礦學(含岩石力學、爆破工程)
B、專業外語能力筆試:科技翻譯
同等學力考生加試科目:采礦學、 岩土工程
參考書目、參考教材

提醒:
武漢理工大學研招辦官方不指定具體參考書,本參考書信息由武漢理工大學本專業部分研究生提供,僅供參考。

827采礦學
《固體礦物資源開發工程》張世雄 武漢理工大學出版社,2005

㈧ 我想學習下礦山開采流程及露天采礦的知識,誰能幫我介紹哪些書籍合適。 郵箱[email protected]

露天礦山建設主要包括勘探及建設立項階段 、建設設計階段 、礦山建設階段。
露天礦山設計程序主要是:
1初步確定露天開采境界
2初步確定礦山生產能力
3初步確定礦山總圖布置及外部運輸
4初步確定開拓運輸方式及裝運設備類型
5具體進行開拓運輸布線
6修改、調整並確定露天開采境界
7編制採掘進度計劃,驗證生產能力
8確定采剝設備數量及工藝參數
9具體進行總圖布置及外部運輸

采礦其實只有兩門課《地下采礦學》《露天采礦學》其他的都是為這兩個學科服務的。
我是高校采礦工程專業的教師,主要講《露天采礦學》。希望對你有用。