㈠ 誰有詳細的29U型鋼支架的技術參數參考下
29U型鋼支架，億煤29U型鋼支架特點，U型鋼支架
29U型鋼支架產品參數 ymjt04
高度：124mm
厚度：16mm
理論重量：29kg/m
彈性模量：200GPa
泊松比：0.3
容重：7800kg/m3
抗拉強度（TS）大於575MPa,
屈服強度（YS)大於400MPa，
伸長率EL大於等於26%，沖擊功（J）在20°C時的平均值應達到54.
29U型鋼支架產品介紹
29U型鋼支架主要用於礦井巷道、礦井巷道二次支護、以及穿山隧道的支撐支護等用途。使用U型鋼支架有效降低冒頂、片幫等事故的發生，安全可靠，提高了礦井通風系統穩定性。選用U型鋼可縮性支架，較好解決了掘進支護的難題。
29U型鋼支架特點
29U型鋼支架具有承受壓力大，支撐時間久，易安裝不易變形等特點。
29U型鋼支架直牆半圓拱支架抬棚在采准巷道交岔點的應用,並取得了成效. 選用U型鋼可縮性支架，較好解決了掘進支護的難題。29U型鋼支架較其他剛性支架具有可縮性和穩定可靠的承載能力，適應松軟圍岩的載荷和變形，斷面利用率高，支架支回方便，支架復用率高，減少坑木使用，環保效益十分明顯。
㈡ 誰有詳細的36U型鋼支架的技術參數參考下
36U型鋼支架主要用於礦井巷道、礦井巷道二次支護、以及穿山隧道的支撐支護等用途。zmjt15
㈢ 13條英文參考文獻翻譯 在線等~！請勿用翻譯器 盡量翻譯出意思就行了
好長呀！如滿意請加分。
References 參考文獻
[1] T. Vorm, Development of a quick-stop device and an analysis of the frozen-chip technique, Int. J. Mach. Tool Des. Res. 16 (1976) 241–250.
急停裝置的發展及冷凍屑片技術分析；作者：T. Vorm,
國際機械工具設計研究雜志，（1976）第16期,241至250頁。
[2] J. Ellis, R. Kirk and G. Barrow, The development of a quick-stop device for metal cutting research, Int. J. Mach. Tool Des. Res. 9 (1969) 321–339.
金屬切削的急停裝置研究的發展；作者：J. Ellis, R. Kirk and G. Barrow，
國際機械工具設計研究雜志，（1969）第9期, 321至339頁。
[3] P.K. Philip, Study of the performance characteristics of an explosive quick-stop device for freezing cutting action, Int. J. Mach. Tool Des.Res. 11 (1971) 133–144.
剎住切削作用的爆發性急停裝置的性能特點研究；作者：P.K. Philip
國際機械工具設計研究雜志，（1971）第11期, 133至144頁。
[4] R.H. Brown, A double shear-pin quick-stop device for very rapid disengagement of a cutting tool, Int. J. Mach. Tool Des. Res. 16 (1976) 115–121.
可以快速分開切割器的雙剪刀銷急停裝置；作者：R.H. Brown,
國際機械工具設計研究雜志，（1976）第16期, 115至121頁。
[5] J.T. Black, C.R. James, The hammer QSD—quick stop device for high speed machining and rubbing, J. Eng. Ind. 103 (1981) 13–21.
高速切割與研磨的QSD錘的急停裝置； 作者：J.T. Black, C.R. James,
機器製造工業雜志，（1981）第103期, 13至21頁。
[6] R. Komanri, R.H. Brown, On the mechanics of chip segmentation in machining, J. Eng. Ind. 103 (1981) 33–51.
切割時分割屑片的力學；作者：R. Komanri, R.H. Brown,
機器製造工業雜志，（1981）第103期, 33至51頁。
[7] B.J. Griffiths, The development of a quick-stop device for use in metal cutting hole manufacturing processes, Int. J. Mach. Tool Des. Res. 26 (2) (1986) 191–203.
製造過程中鑽削金屬孔口所使用的急停裝置的發展；作者：B.J. Griffiths,
國際機械工具設計研究雜志，（1986）第26期（2）, 191至203頁。
[8] S.H. Yeo, W.W. Lui and V. Phung, A quick-stop device for orthogonal machining, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 29 (1992) 41–46.
正交切削的急停裝置；作者：S.H. Yeo, W.W. Lui and V. Phung,
材料工藝技術雜志，（1992）第29期, 41至46頁。
[9] Z.C. Lin, W.C. Pan and S.P. Lo, A study of orthogonal cutting with tool flank wear and sticking behavior on the chip–tool interface, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 52 (1995) 524–538.
研究正交切削 的刀-屑接觸表面的後刀面磨損及粘結表現；作者：Z.C. Lin, W.C. Pan 和 S.P. Lo, 材料工藝技術雜志，（1995）第52期, 524至538頁。
[10] J.T. Black, Shear front-lamella structure in large strain plastic deformation processes, J. Eng. Ind. 94 (1) (1972) 307–316.
大型應變塑性變形過程中的剪切面-薄層結構；作者：J.T. Black,
機器製造工業雜志，（1972）第94期（1）, 307至316頁。
[11] J.Q. Xie, A.E. Bayoumi and H.M. Zbib, A study on shear banding in chip formation of orthogonal cutting, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 36 (7) (1996) 835–847.
正交切削過程中切屑形成的剪切現象研究；作者：J.Q. Xie, A.E. Bayoumi 和 H.M. Zbib,
國際機械工具製造雜志，（1996）第36期（7）, 835至847頁。
[12] J.T. Black, On the fundamental mechanism of large strain plastic deformation — electron micros of metal cutting chips, J. Eng. Ind.93 (2) (1971) 507–526.
大型應變塑性變形的基本機理—金屬切削屑片的電子顯微；作者：J.T. Black,
機器製造工業雜志，（1971）第93期（2）, 507至526頁。
[13] M.E. Merchant, Mechanics of the cutting processes. I. Orthogonal
cutting and a type 2 chip, J. Appl. Phys., AIP 16 (5) (1945) 267–275.
切削工藝的力學。1. 正交切削, 以及一種2. 屑片；作者：M.E. Merchant,
應用物理學雜志，（1945）第16期（5）, 267至275頁。
【英語牛人團】
㈣ 成品支架的論文
成品支架的論文，網路上這類論文會比較多，你可以搜索一下作為參考
㈤ 什麼是u型支架求大神解答
U型鋼支架主要用途：用於礦井巷道、礦井巷道二次支護、以及穿山隧道的支撐支護......1. U25型U型鋼支架，2. U29型U型鋼支架，3. U36型U型鋼支架.....U型鋼支架主要特點：承受壓力大，支撐時間久，易安裝不易變形......U型鋼直牆半圓拱支架抬棚在采准巷道交岔點的應用,並取得了顯著的成效. 選用U型鋼可縮性支架，較好解決了掘進支護的難題。U型鋼支架較其他剛性支架具有可縮性和穩定可靠的承載能力，適應松軟圍岩的載荷和變形，斷面利用率高，支架支回方便，維修量小，支架回收復用率高，減少坑木使用，環保效益十分明顯。
㈥ 小弟在做采礦畢業設計 急求一片3000字英文參考文獻翻譯
附錄 1
井筒及巷道的支護
井筒的支護
在國外，很少使用磚、料石和鑄鐵井壁， 從前，幾乎全用木支架，但現在混凝土和金屬井壁使用量日增。 井壁的選擇決定於圍岩和水的條件，井筒的形式和材料的費用。
(1)木支架——直到最近，大多數方形的井筒還在用框形木支架支護井幫和分成隔間。.所用木料的尺寸和框距取決於所遇到的岩層情況。. 木支架缺點是費用高，強度低、壽命短，易引起火災。在膨脹性岩層中，木支架損壞得慢，警告時間長。在大多數情況下，開始鑿井時澆灌一個混凝土鎖口以固定支架，為井筒木支架提供良好的基礎。木框架一般用掛鉤掛在上面的框架上，框架就位後插入支柱，拉緊掛鉤，在井筒周圍鋪上背板。
(2)金屬支護——有時用金屬支架代替木支架。 通常與木背板配合使用。木背板可快速而高效地插入金屬支架的翼緣中。金屬支架若設計恰當其安裝的速度和准確度均比木支架高，因為安裝時金屬支架可能螺栓連接，並且排列很整齊。
(3)混凝土井壁——現在，原形混凝土井壁使用日益廣泛。 例如，在南非幾乎100%的井筒採用圓形混凝土井壁。而且幾乎所有井筒毫無例外地達到最高的鑿井速度。 除了鑿井速度快外，，還有許多其它優勢。 圓形混凝土井壁做井筒指甲其強度系數最高，風流特性最好，與任何井壁形式相比其維護量最小。混凝土井壁容易拆除並改裝成另一種提升布置方式，或改為風井而不影響圍岩狀態。這類井筒對涌水的控制或封堵容易的多。與大多數其他類型相比，這種井筒的事故較少，萬一發生事故，修復也容易得多。在某些特殊的情況下，也採用方形或橢圓形混凝土做井壁的井筒。盡管方形井筒的成本與圓形或橢圓形相仿，但其強度不如圓形或橢圓形井筒。橢圓形井筒具有良好的強度系數，需要分開風流時採用這種形狀。但起鑿井費用比圓形的高。
(4 )噴漿或噴射混凝土井壁——有一些井壁採用噴漿或噴射混凝土井壁。這類井筒的罐道一般用錨桿固定。如果井筒完成後並能不需要罐道，那麼鑿井時可採用鋼絲繩罐道。
巷道支護
過去，框形或多節木支架是大家熟悉的唯一支護井下巷道的方法。隨著坑木的減少，寬翼緣型的出現，鋼材，作為一種結構支護材料，迅速的取代了坑木。最近錨噴支護也列入礦山實用支護方式。不論錨桿還是噴射混凝土（包括噴漿及噴混凝土在內）一英尺巷道的支護費用一般比金屬支架要低。有時兩者同時採用，其費用也比金屬支架省。
(1)金屬支架——金屬支架通常由兩節組成，每節包括一條棚腿和半截拱。同樣兩節相對立好之後，在拱頂用螺栓對接。金屬支架的尺寸取決於岩石的性質和地壓。一般地說，小斷面巷道採用4英寸或5英寸金屬支架，間距為1.5—4英尺；中斷面巷道採用5~6 英寸金屬支架，間距為1.5—4英尺；大斷面巷道採用6~8英寸金屬支架，間距2~5英尺。對於全部採用錨噴支架的工程，只是在斷層和嚴重破碎或軟岩地帶才需用金屬支架。根據需要，金屬棚子還必須鋪以木檔塊及木背板。一個標准掘進班組架設一架金屬棚子，需時20~40分鍾。
(2 )錨桿支架——現在通用的能張緊的錨桿有許多多種，其主要區別在於，擰緊螺帽使錨桿張緊之前，在孔內固定錨頭的脹圈結構的不同。最適合某種岩石的錨頭形式要經常做試驗來確定。軟鋼金屬錨桿的直徑至少應為1英寸，長度應為10英尺（巷道斷面要足以允許使用這樣長的錨桿）。安裝錨桿時應認真研究岩石節理的規律。錨桿的布置要大致均勻有規律，使錨桿張緊之後能與圍岩構成一個相似的拱形結構，以承受作用在巷道上的外部壓力。在起拱線以上整個巷道頂板錨桿的平均間距在最小約12平方英尺/根，最大25或25以上平方英尺/根之間變化。由普通掘進班組安裝錨桿時，一個標准掘進班組通常在30至40分鍾內可安裝錨桿，一個小時也許只能平均安裝兩根。
(3 )噴射混凝土——噴射混凝土或噴漿，這種把混凝土或砂漿直接噴到拱形巷道頂板岩石表面的方法正迅速地被公認是一種效率高而又經濟的巷道支護方式。只要噴上的混凝土能附著相當時間達到初凝強度而不陷落，此方法在各類軟、硬岩石或硬土上均可用。有許多促凝劑可到初凝。混凝土的噴射厚度為2~6英尺。干法噴射的效果通常比濕法好，因為可以噴、得厚一些，可以採用較大粒度的骨料（最大為0.75英寸），每台噴嘴的小時生產率較高（一個小時達5立方碼）。噴射混凝土在經濟上常具備的優點之一是可在裝岩的同時，向巷道頂板噴混凝土，從而縮短完成整個「循環」所需用的時間。
木支架
掘進中也許需要支護巷道頂板和兩幫的支架。傳統的方法通常是掘進時先架設臨時木支架，然後換成永久支架或襯砌。永久支架也可用坑木。
坑木作永久支架時應該很好地晾乾並用防腐蝕劑處理。木支架不用專用的工具或設備就能方便地就地加工很快地架好，通過局部不良地層掘進時，用木材作臨時支架，容易截割和加工，適應各種需要。
木棚是由幾根坑木構成、橫截巷道斷面的支架。小斷面巷道最常用的是三個構件組成的棚子，由一根頂梁（橫梁或棚梁）架在兩個棚腿上組成。棚腿傾斜度是每英尺1—1.5英寸，這樣的斜度除非側壓力太大及底板松軟，一般能防止棚腿底部向里推移。棚腿一般為硬木，圓形，小頭的最小直徑為5英寸。頂梁最小厚度一般為5英寸，寬度6—8英寸。背板一般厚2英寸，兩幫和頂板上可鋪也可不鋪背板。
在膨脹岩層中兩棚腿底部一般有「偏坡底撐」以防止棚腿移動，底板易隆起的地方，可採用反拱支架。巷道的懸頂（或頂板）如果做成拱形往往比較穩定，特別是在寬巷道中更是如此。只有頂板需要支護而兩幫堅硬的地方，可以省去棚腿，拱梁則固定在起拱線處的梁窩中。支架木料的尺寸和棚架間距取決於巷道的斷面和所需承受的壓力。在膨脹岩層中，背板不要鋪得太密，相鄰背板之間應留一定間距，以釋放低壓。
裝設木支架的常規工序和速度主要取決於支架在工作面後面應保持多近的距離。如果每進一個循環需要立即支護，那麼架設支架就成為掘進循環的一部分。爆破後的第一道工序是撬落頂板上的浮石；在松軟的地層中，利用前探梁、滑梁或類似的裝置以支護最後一架棚子前面的頂板，以便裝岩時保護工人。一個循環的矸石裝完後，就架設新棚子，必要時用楔子固定並裝上背板，並為新的循環安裝好鑿岩機。這種工序顯然會減慢掘進速度，但是除非岩層條件太差需要才用前探板樁法或其他方法，一般坑木可標准化，並採用常規作業。作業開始之前，將所有材料和器材運到工作面，可加快速度；工人應攜帶整架棚子、角楔、木楔、背板和工具進入工作面。支護工作落後於工作面過遠的地方，一般需要專業支架隊。利用適當的工作台進行支架工作，可不影響掘進工作。如果採用移動式工作台，其檯面有幾架棚子長，其高度又能讓礦車從底下通過，則對掘進工作會有好處的。
附錄2
GROUND SUPPORT FOR SHAFTS AND TUNNELS
In the USA, brick, stone and cast iron shaft linings are rare; formerly, timbering was almost universal but concreting and steel framing are increasing in use. Choice of support depends on ground and water conditions, shape of shaft and cost of materials.
(1)Timber Sets——Until relatively recently, most rectangular shafts have used square-set timbering for ground support and compartment division .Size of the timber used and set spacing is dependent on ground conditions encountered .The disadvantages of timer sets are the cost, strength , short life and fire hazard involved. In swelling ground timbering fails slowly and with ample warning .in most cases , a concrete collar is poured at the start of a shaft to tie the sets in and provide a good bearing for the shaft-timbering installation .Timber sets usually are hung from the preceding set with steel hanging rods .After the set is in place , the posts are inserted and the hanging rods are tightened up . The lagging is placed in around the sides of the shaft.
(2)Steel Sets-Steel sets sometimes ate used instead of timber. Wood lagging generally is employed in conjunetion. The laggling can be placed in the web of the steel sket very quickly and effectivelt. Properly designed steel sets go in faster and more accuratelt than wooden sets, as they can be bolted together and lined up perfectly when assembled.
(3)Concrete Lining-Circular concrete-lined shafts are more and more used today. For example, in South Africa, almost 100% of the shafts installed are circular concretelined .Also almost without exception, the best sinking time is achieved. Besides the good sinking rate, there are numerous other advantages. The circular concrete section provides the greatest strength factor for ground support ,the best air-flow characteristics, and by far the lowest maintenance of any shaft type. It can be stripped easily and changed to another hoisting configuration, or to a ventilation shaft, without disturbing ground conditions. Water can be controlled or sealed off much easier in this type of shaft. There are fewer wrecks in this shaft than in most other types, and rehabilitation can be accomplished much easier if they do occnr. In some special cases concrete-lined shafts of a square of elliptical shape are used. Although the cost is similar, the square shaft does not have the strength of either the circular of elliptical. The elliptical shaft has a good strength factor and is used where split ventilation is required. It is, however, more expensive to sink than a circular shaft.
(4)Gunite or Shotcrete Lining——There have been some shafts sunk using gunite or shotcrete for wall support. The guides in this type of shaft usually are not required in the completed shafe, the rope guides could be used in sinking.
GROUND SUPPORT FOR TUNNELS
In former years, the square or segmented timber set was the only known method for supporting underground excavations. As timber become more scarce and wideflange steel shapes made their appearance, steel rapidly displaced timber as a structure-support material. More recently, rock bolting and pneumatically applied concrete have been added to the list of practical ground-support media. Either rock bolting or pneumatically applied concrete concrete usually cost less per linear foot of tunnel than steel ribs . Sometime the two are used together and still show a saving over steel ribs.
(1)Steel Rib Support-Steel rib sets commonly are fabricated in two pieces with the side leg and half of the arch in each piece. The two identical pieces are stood up and bolted together at a butt joint in the crown . Size of steel required will depend upon the nature of the rock and the pressure being exerted by the ground . Generally speaking, a small tunnel section will require a 4-or 5-in .rib with spacing of 1(1/2)to 4ft; medium-sized , 5-to 6-in. rib with spacing of 1(1/2) to 4 ft; large, a 6-to 8-in.rib with spacing of 2 to 5 ft. On a project where full utilization is being made of rock bolting and pneumatically applied concrete, steel rib supports need be used only in fault zones and through stretches of badly broken rock or soft ground. Supplementing the steel rib, timber blocking and lagging must be installed as required. A standard tunnel crew usually erects a set of steel in 20 to 40 min.
(2)Rock Bolting –A number of types of tensionable rockbolts presently are available , differing mostly in the arrangement of the expandable device which anchors the end of the bolt to the rock prior to applying the tension by tightening the nut. Experimentation frepuently is necessary to determine the type of anchor most suitable to a particular formation of rock. Mildsteel bolts should be at least 1 in. in dia and 10 ft long, provided the tunnel is large enough to permit insertion of rods of this length. Rockbolts must be installed with careful consideration for the jointing pattern of the rock.. They must also be installed in a more or less uniform and regular pattern so that when tensioned they will, with the surrounding rock,proce a homogeneous arch structure against the external stresses acting upon the excavation opening. Average spacing of the rockbolts, throughout the roof of the tunnel above the spring line, will vary from a minimum of about 12sq ft of rock per bolt to a maximum of 25 or more. When rockbolts are installed by the regular tunnel crew, a standard tunnel crew usually will install the bolts required for one full round of advance of 8ft in 30 to 40 min. If a two-man crew alone is installing bolts, they probably will average two bolts per hour.
(3)Pneumatically Applied Concrete—Shotcret or gunite, applied directly to the rock surface of the arched tunnel roof, is rapidly becoming accepted as an effective and economical means of ground support. It can be used in all types of fair to poor rock or firm earth provided the material will stand up without caving for a sufficient time to permit the sprayed concrete to gain its initial strength. Accelerating additives are which, when added to the concrete at the spray nozzle, will cause initial set to occur within 3to 10 min. after the mortar has been applied. The concrete is applied in thickness of 2to 6 in. Dry-process application usually proces better results than the wet process because it permits the placing of thicker layers, uses larger aggregates (maximum, 3/4 in.) and usually achieves a higher proction rate per hour per nozzle (to 5.0 cu yd. per hr). One of the economies which frequently can be achieved with pneumatically applied concrete reflects the fact that it can be applied readily to the tunnel roof ring the mucking cycle, thereby shortening the total time required to complete the 「round」.
TIMBER SUPPORT
Supports for the tunnel roof and sides may be required while driving. Conventionally, temporary timbering is often used ring driving and replaced later by permanent supports or lining. Permanent supports may be of timber too.
For permanent support, timber should be well seasoned and treated with preservative. It is easily framed on the job and quickly erected without use of special tools or equipment. For temporary support, in local stretches of bad ground while advancing the heading timbers are readily cut and framed to suit requirements.
Timber sets comprises several timbers forming a framework across the tunnel section. The commonest form for narrow tunnels is the 3-piece set, consisting of a cap (crossbar or header) supported on two posts. The batter of the posts is 1 to 1.5in per ft, which is usually sufficient to prevent the bottoms of the posts. From pushing inward unless side pressure is excessive and the bottom soft. Posts are usually of hardwood, round, with small end 5-in minimum diameter. The minimum thickness of the cap is usually 5-in with width from 6 to 8 in. Lagging, usually 2 in thick, may or may not be set on the sides and top.
In swelling ground the timber set usually has :batter blocks」 to prevent the displacement of the posts; where the bottom tends to heave, an inverted arch set may be used. The back (or roof) of the tunnel often stands better if arched, especially in wide tunnels. Where only the back requires support and the walls are strong, posts may be omitted and the arched timbers set in hitches out at the break-line of the arch. Size of timbers and interval between sets depend upon size of tunnel and pressures to be withstood. Swelling ground should not be close-lagged, but spaces left between adjacent pieces of lagging, through which pressure can be relieved.
Routine and speed of timbering depend largely on how close the timbering must be kept behind the face. If each round of advance must be supported at once, timbering becomes a part of the driving cycle. The first step after blasting is to scale the back; and , in loose ground, to hold the back ahead of the last set by forepoling, sliding booms or similar means, to protect men while mucking. After the round is mucked, the new set is erected, blocked in place and lagged if necessary, and the drills are set up for the new round. timbers can be standardized and a regular routine followed. Speed is gained by baving all materials and supplies at the face before work begins; timber for a compete set, blocks, wedges, lagging and tools, should be brought in with the crew. Where the timbering lags a considerable distance behind the face, a special timber crew is usually employed. With suitable scaffolding, work can proceed without interfering with driving operations. A movable scaffold, with a working deck several sets long and high enough to allow the tunnel cars to pass under it, may be advantageous.
抱歉 我也沒找到！！你亂編一個吧
㈦ 翻譯參考文獻
1.Cappelli E孫俐。鑽石形核、長大在不同的刀具材料pre-treatments影響底。鑽石Relat事宜;5(3 - 5年276-80):《.2Sha學組。在細胞表面的化學pre-treatments WC-15-wt % Co對鑽石塗料。在:15 - Plansee研討會,Reutte(2001年,奧地利,第490-7 p。2,3,6,7,11,14]。3.Buck v孫俐。化學pre-treatments影響硬金屬基質的鑽石沉積。15日的產生與智力Plansee研討會,Reutte、奧地利2001年,第537-48 p。2,3,6,7,11,14]。.4.St。Feistritzer。塗多相身體;我們03020997博覽會上,3月13日,2003年。5.Saito Y孫俐。金剛石薄膜結合力對硬質合金插入。鑽石Relat 1993;2:1391-5事宜。[6]陳L孫俐。堅硬的金屬或cermet身體和方法生產美國專利一樣,我們6,506,226一月十四日,2003年。[7]是已有學組。中山17:3106-12 1982年),頁[J].。[8]Erinski·d·Untersuchungen葯物洗脫支架的Werkstoffgefuges窩當之無愧的Zerspanverhalten·馮·Al-Si-Gusslegierungen;這在RWTH亞琛研究所碩士論文(1990年)。
㈧ U型板彎曲模有哪些外文參考文獻
哥們，你還留有U型板彎曲模的設計嗎？看到消息麻煩你回個消息給我！
㈨ U型鋼支架又叫U型鋼棚，型號常用的有25U 29U 36U，但是加工一架的成本怎麼合算
當然是根據你的圖紙呀！型號不同，選用的材料不同，還有他們的材質也不同，你不說，誰知道呀
㈩ 求一篇關於機械方面的中英文對照論文
管道支吊架 Pipe Supports and Hangers
6.1 管架零部件 Attachment of Support
管托 shoe
管卡 clamp
U形夾（卡） clevis
鍛制U形夾 forged steel clevis
支耳；吊耳 lug; ear
耳軸 trunnion
止動擋塊 shear lug
托座 stool
托架 cradle
帶狀卡 strap clamp
夾板，導向板 cleat
可調夾板 adjustable cleat
角板；連接板 gusset
筋；肋 rib
支承環 ring
加強板 stiffiener
底板 base plate
頂板 top plate
翅片式導向板 fin
預埋件 embedded part; inserted plate
墊板（安裝墊平用） shim
錨固件；生根件 clip
預焊件(設備上) clip (on equipment)
聚四氟乙烯滑動板 PTFE sliding plate
連接板 tie plate
連接桿 tie rod
限制桿 limit rod
帶環頭拉桿 eye rod
連接桿 connecting rod
杠桿 lever
支撐桿 strut
定位塊 preset pieces
間隔管（片、塊） spacer
滑動吊板（吊架頂部用） sliding traveler(for hanger)
滑輪組 tackle-block
鋼索，電纜 cable
木塊 wood block
鞍座 saddle
裙座 skirt
軟管卷盤（簡） hose reel
管部附著件 pipe attachment
6.2 管支架型式 Type of Pipe Support
支承架 resting support
滑動架 sliding support
固定架 anchor
導向架 guide
限制性支架；約束 restraint
限位架 stop
限位器 stopper
定值限位架 limit stop
二維限位架 two-axis stop
往復定值限位架 double-acting limit stop
定向限位架 directional stop
吊架 hanger
彈簧架 spring support
彈簧托架 resting type spring support
彈簧吊架 spring hanger
恆力吊架 constant hanger
重錘式吊架 counter weight hanger
彈簧恆力吊架 spring constant hanger
彈簧恆力托架 resting type spring constant support
滾動支架 rolling support
彈簧支撐架 spring bracing
減振器 snubber
液壓減振器 hydraulic snubber
減振裝置 damping device
緩沖簡（器） dash pot
剛性吊架 rigid hanger
6.3 標准及通用型支架
標准管架 standard pipe support
通用管架 typical pipe support
懸臂架 cantilever support
三角架 triangular support』
支腿 leg
Ⅱ形管架 Ⅱ-type support
L形管架 L-type support
柱式管架 pole type support
牆架 support on wall
可調支架 adjustable support
管墩，低管架 sleeper
特殊管架 special support
管道支吊架圖 piping support drawing
6.4 管架安裝
背至背 back to back
鑽孔 drill
長孔 slot; slot hole
放氣孔；通氣孔 vent hole
灌漿；水泥砂漿填平 grouting
組裝；裝配 assembly
攻螺孔 tapped.tapping
自由滑動 free to slide
跨度 span
對中心；找正 alignment
切割使適合 cut to suit
修飾使適合 trim to suit
伸出長度（指預埋螺栓） extrusion
液壓試驗中，對試驗液體要求是：試驗液體一般採用水，需要時也可採用不會導致發生危險的其它液體。試驗時液體的溫度應低於其閃點或沸點。奧氏體不銹鋼制容器用水進行液壓試驗後應將水漬去除干凈。當無法達到這一要求時，應控制水的氯離子含量不超過25mmg/L.
試驗溫度：
1． 碳素鋼、16MnR和正火15MnVR鋼制壓力容器液壓試驗時，液體溫度不得低於5℃，其它低合金鋼制容器液壓試驗時液體溫度不得低於15℃。如果由於板厚等原因造成材料延性轉變溫度升高，則需相應提高試驗液體溫度。
2． 其它鋼種制容器液壓試驗溫度按圖樣規定。